The four-dimensional nucleome (4DN) consortium studies the architecture of the genome
and the nucleus in space and time. We summarize progress by the consortium and highlight …

Gene regulation requires the dynamic coordination of hundreds of regulatory factors at
precise genomic and RNA targets. Although many regulatory factors have specific affinity for …

Spatial and molecular characteristics determine tissue function, yet high-resolution methods
to capture both concurrently are lacking. Here, we developed high-definition spatial …

Cell type-specific gene expression relies on transcription factors (TFs) binding DNA
sequence motifs embedded in chromatin. Understanding how motifs are accessed in …

Determining how chromosomes are positioned and folded within the nucleus is critical to
understanding the role of chromatin topology in gene regulation. Several methods are …

Studies of 3D chromatin organization have suggested that chromosomes are hierarchically
organized into large compartments composed of smaller domains called topologically …

INTRODUCTION Chromatin adopts an intricate three-dimensional (3D) organization in the
nucleus that is critical for many genome processes, from gene regulation to genome …

Fluorescence nanoscopy uniquely combines minimally invasive optical access to the
internal nanoscale structure and dynamics of cells and tissues with molecular detection …

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) reveals the abundance and positioning of nucleic
acid sequences in fixed samples. Despite recent advances in multiplexed amplification of …

Understanding how chromatin is organized within the nucleus and how this 3D architecture
influences gene regulation, cell fate decisions and evolution are major questions in cell …