Hydrogen and helium are the most abundant elements in the Universe. They are also, in
principle, the most simple. Nonetheless, they display remarkable properties under extreme …

We discuss our current understanding of the interior structure and thermal evolution of giant
planets. This includes the gas giants, such as Jupiter and Saturn, that are primarily …

The Juno spacecraft has measured Jupiter's low‐order, even gravitational moments, J2–J8,
to an unprecedented precision, providing important constraints on the density profile and …

The best constraints on the internal structures of giant planets have historically originated
from measurements of their gravity fields,–. These data are inherently mostly sensitive to a …

Observations of Jupiter's gravity field by Juno have revealed surprisingly low values for the
high-order gravitational moments, considering the abundances of heavy elements …

The phase behaviour of warm dense hydrogen− helium (H− He) mixtures affects our
understanding of the evolution of Jupiter and Saturn and their interior structures,. For …

In a recent Letter [T. Dornheim et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 156403 (2016) PRLTAO 0031-
9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett. 117.156403], we presented the first quantum Monte Carlo …

Dense fluid metallic hydrogen occupies the interiors of Jupiter, Saturn, and many extrasolar
planets, where pressures reach millions of atmospheres. Planetary structure models must …

We determine basic thermodynamic and transport properties of hydrogen–helium–water
mixtures for the extreme conditions along Jupiter's adiabat via ab initio simulations, which …

Using quantum simulation techniques based on either density functional theory or quantum
Monte Carlo, we find clear evidence of a first-order transition in liquid hydrogen, between a …