Comparative anatomy of quadruped robots and animals: a review

A Fukuhara, M Gunji, Y Masuda - Advanced Robotics, 2022‏ - Taylor & Francis
Animals can instantly exhibit versatile behaviors in response to their circumstances to
survive in harsh natural environments. For example, many animals chase prey, escape from …

Three new Jurassic euharamiyidan species reinforce early divergence of mammals

S Bi, Y Wang, J Guan, X Sheng, J Meng - Nature, 2014‏ - nature.com
The phylogeny of Allotheria, including Multituberculata and Haramiyida, remains unsolved
and has generated contentious views on the origin and earliest evolution of mammals. Here …

A new arboreal haramiyid shows the diversity of crown mammals in the Jurassic period

X Zheng, S Bi, X Wang, J Meng - Nature, 2013‏ - nature.com
A major unsolved problem in mammalian evolution is the origin of Allotheria, including
Multituberculata and Haramiyida,,,,. Multituberculates are the most diverse and best known …

Regionalization of the axial skeleton predates functional adaptation in the forerunners of mammals

KE Jones, S Gonzalez, KD Angielczyk… - Nature Ecology & …, 2020‏ - nature.com
The evolution of semi-independent modules is hypothesized to underlie the functional
diversification of serially repeating (metameric) structures. The mammal vertebral column is …

Inertial tail effects during righting of squirrels in unexpected falls: from behavior to robotics

T Fukushima, R Siddall, F Schwab… - Integrative and …, 2021‏ - academic.oup.com
Arboreal mammals navigate a highly three dimensional and discontinuous habitat. Among
arboreal mammals, squirrels demonstrate impressive agility. In a recent “viral” YouTube …

Repatterning of mammalian backbone regionalization in cetaceans

A Gillet, KE Jones, SE Pierce - Nature Communications, 2024‏ - nature.com
Cetacean reinvasion of the aquatic realm is an iconic ecological transition that led to drastic
modifications of the mammalian body plan, especially in the axial skeleton. Relative to the …

The kangaroo's tail propels and powers pentapedal locomotion

SM O'Connor, TJ Dawson, R Kram… - Biology …, 2014‏ - royalsocietypublishing.org
When moving slowly, kangaroos plant their tail on the ground in sequence with their front
and hind legs. To determine the tail's role in this 'pentapedal'gait, we measured the forces …

New Jurassic mammaliaform sheds light on early evolution of mammal-like hyoid bones

CF Zhou, BAS Bhullar, AI Neander, T Martin, ZX Luo - Science, 2019‏ - science.org
We report a new Jurassic docodontan mammaliaform found in China that is preserved with
the hyoid bones. Its basihyal, ceratohyal, epihyal, and thyrohyal bones have mobile joints …

Overcoming a 'forbidden phenotype': the parrot's head supports, propels and powers tripedal locomotion

MW Young, E Dickinson, ND Flaim… - Proceedings of the …, 2022‏ - royalsocietypublishing.org
No vertebrate, living or extinct, is known to have possessed an odd number of limbs. Despite
this 'forbidden phenotype', gaits that use odd numbers of limbs (eg tripedalism or …