Understanding the mechanisms of evolution requires information on the rate of appearance
of new mutations and their effects at the molecular and phenotypic levels. Although …

The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of new mutations is a fundamental entity in genetics
that has implications ranging from the genetic basis of complex disease to the stability of the …

Evolution of large asexual cell populations underlies∼ 30% of deaths worldwide, including
those caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, and cancer. However, the dynamics underlying …

The dynamics of adaptation determine which mutations fix in a population, and hence how
reproducible evolution will be. This is central to understanding the spectra of mutations …

Epistatic interactions between mutations can make evolutionary trajectories contingent on
the chance occurrence of initial mutations. We used experimental evolution in …

Mutation is the ultimate source of genetic variation. The most direct and unbiased method of
studying spontaneous mutations is via mutation accumulation (MA) lines. Until recently, MA …

In experimental evolution, laboratory-controlled conditions select for the adaptation of
species, which can be monitored in real time. Despite the current popularity of such …

The mutation process ultimately defines the genetic features of all populations and, hence,
has a bearing on a wide range of issues involving evolutionary genetics, inheritance, and …

When beneficial mutations are rare, they accumulate by a series of selective sweeps. But
when they are common, many beneficial mutations will occur before any can fix, so there will …

Mutation accumulation (MA) experiments, in which mutations are allowed to drift to fixation in
inbred lines, have been a principal way of studying the rates and properties of new …