Despite its usefulness, design knowledge is not often captured or documented, and is
therefore lost or damaged after a product design is completed. As a way to address this …

This paper presents a mathematical comparison of procedural knowledge and causal
knowledge, and discusses the potential roles and feasibility of causal knowledge across …

This paper presents a new causal design knowledge evaluation method and system for
future CAD applications. Current product development processes still include unintended …

Due to the latest advances of information technology and the increasing complexity of
engineering applications, it is becoming more and more important to model semantic …

Companies are always faced with risks in competing to response diversified needs of
markets. Determining the probability of occurrence and how to manage and recognize the …

Participation is increasingly recommended to improve democratic processes; however, in
practice it is often perceived as an empty and frustrating process (Arnstein, 1969, p. 216). In …

One of the main issues in develo** automatic response systems especially autonomous
robots is selecting the best action among all possible actions. Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) …

Participation is increasingly recommended to improve democratic processes; however, in
practice it is often perceived as an empty and frustrating process (Arnstein, 1969, p. 216). In …

راهبرد فرآیند توسعه خانواده محصول در رقابت‌ پاسخ به نیازهای متنوع بازار با ریسک‌هایی مواجه
است. تعیین احتمال بروز، نحوه مواجهه و شناخت ریسک‌هایی که مسبب بروز سایر ریسک‌ها هستند …‎