In the last decade, the trend toward higher efficiency and higher torque density electrical
machines (EMs) without permanent magnets (PMs) for the industrial sector has rapidly …

Abstract Rare Earth Magnets (REM), especially the NdFeB type, are essential components
in high-performance electric motors and wind turbines, playing an important role in the shift …

Rare earths elements (REE) are considered as strategic resources because they interact
with business and governments' direct policy interventions. Policy interventions can have a …

The interest in electric traction has reached a very high level in recent decades; there is no
doubt that electric vehicles have become among the main means of transport and will be the …

A smarter and sustainable mobility is key for a carbon-neutral and circular Europe, although
electrification will require a massive supply of critical materials. Circular strategies can …

Rare-earth metals (REMs) have become an integral part of modern economics and
technological advances. The current climate agenda and sustainable development trends …

Against the backdrop of escalating geopolitical risks, the interdependence between rare
earth and clean energy markets are crucial for cross-market investors and regulators …

Tantalum, considered one of the critical elements by many countries, is a widely used metal
in industries such as electronics, aerospace and automotive. The tantalum market has …

Gadolinium (Gd) is one important non-renewable strategic element and has been widely
used in many fields. This study investigates gadolinium flows in China by conducting …

New energy vehicles (NEVs), especially electric vehicles (EVs), address the important task
of reducing the greenhouse effect. It is particularly important to measure the environmental …