The residual fluctuations that naturally arise in experimental inquiry are analyzed in terms of
their time histories. Although these fluctuations are generally relegated to a statistical …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the systems coupled to two reservoirs of energy
in such a way that there is a steady energy flow through the system. An example is a resistor …

This text provides an introduction to the exciting new developments in chaos and related
topics in nonlinear dynamics, including the detection and quantification of chaos in …

Self-organized criticality (SOC) maintains that complex behavior can develop spontaneously
in certain multi-body systems whose dynamics vary abruptly. This is a clear and concise …

Granular materials display a variety of behaviors that are in many ways different from those
of other substances. They cannot be easily classified as either solids or liquids. This has …

“The career structure and funding of the universities [...] currently strongly discourages
academics and faculties from putting any investment into teaching–there are no career or …

A forest-fire model is introduced which contains a lightning probability f. This leads to a self-
organized critical state in the limit f→ 0 provided that the time scales of tree growth and …

The concept of self-organized criticality was introduced to explain the behaviour of the
sandpile model. In this model, particles are randomly dropped onto a square grid of boxes …

Studies a two-state version of the sandpile model of self-organized criticality. Instead of a
critical height of stability as in the sandpile model, the author introduces a hard core …

Recent analyses of serial correlations in cognitive tasks have provided preliminary evidence
of the presence of a particular form of long-range serial dependence known as 1/f noise. It …