Addressing important questions in animal ecology, physiology, and environmental science
often requires in situ information from wild animals. This difficulty is being overcome by …

Birds are one of the most recognizable and diverse groups of modern vertebrates. Over the
past two decades, a wealth of new fossil discoveries and phylogenetic and …

Organisms use energy to grow and reproduce, so the processes of energy metabolism and
biological production should be tightly bound. On the basis of this tenet, we developed and …

Elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates) are among the most threatened marine
vertebrates, yet their global functional diversity remains largely unknown. Here, we use a …

A systematic investigation of growth in nature and society, from tiny organisms to the
trajectories of empires and civilizations. Growth has been both an unspoken and an explicit …

Birds and mammals independently evolved the highest metabolic rates among living
animals. Their metabolism generates heat that enables active thermoregulation, sha** the …

The epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes has increased interest in pathways that affect
energy balance in mammalian systems. Brown fat, in all of its dimensions, can increase …

Background The origin of birds is one of the most enduring and dramatic evolutionary
debates. The hypothesis that the primarily small-sized birds are nested within a theropod …

INTRODUCTION A surprisingly general pattern at very large scales casts light on the link
between ecosystem structure and function. We show a robust scaling law that emerges …

Understanding heat dissipation processes at nanoscale during cellular thermogenesis is
essential to clarify the relationships between the heat and biological processes in cells and …