The surface freshwater volume discharged into the Gorgan Bay is a significant part of its
ecological processes. The Ghareh-Sou River is the most crucial source of surface freshwater …

Abstract The Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) is a widely used variable in water quality
research, particularly in agriculture and environmental studies. In many cases, the key …

Human activities such as dam construction can lead to significant river flow regime changes
and, consequently, river environments and habitats. Different approaches for estimating the …

Time-lapse geophysical studies have been used as noninvasive tools to study subsurface
processes. However, compared to direct current resistivity methods, the transient …

The suspended sediment rating curve model is widely used to estimate river suspended
sediment load in the coastal area. In this study, an attempt was made to develop a …

Estimating flood hydrographs in the ungauged mountainous watersheds is a challenging
flood planning and management issue. It is necessary to evaluate the developed models' …

In this study, 14 equations have been investigated to calculate pan-evaporation in arid and
semi-arid regions (based on the De Martonne aridity index). Two indicators ie nRMSE and …

Longitudinal dispersivity is a crucial parameter for the numerical simulation of groundwater
quality, which is highly variable. The use of empirical equations and the inverse solution are …

To date, few systematic studies have been conducted of the spatial distribution, formation
mechanism, and health risks of high-fluoride (F−) shallow groundwater in humid and semi …

The Jiaojia gold mine area's hydrogeological condition becomes more complicated, and the
original hydrochemical environment has changed with increased depth. The complex …