Impurity do** is a promising method to impart new properties to various materials. Due to
their unique optical, magnetic, and electrical properties, rare-earth ions have been …

Lanthanide-based upconversion nanomaterials have recently attracted considerable
attention in both fundamental research and various frontier applications owing to their …

The attractive features of lanthanide-doped upconversion luminescence (UCL), such as high
photostability, nonphotobleaching or photoblinking, and large anti-Stokes shift, have shown …

Upconversion luminescence is characterized by the conversion of near-infrared excitation
into ultraviolet and visible emissions through a special class of doped optical materials …

Smart control of photon upconversion is a key strategy for lanthanide-based materials used
in biological and photonic applications. However, this has remained a challenge for the …

Triplet states have been widely studied in phosphorescent molecules, lanthanide complexes
and triplet–triplet annihilation systems, in which they have a critical role in energy transfer …

A photon avalanche (PA) effect that occurs in lanthanide-doped solids gives rise to a giant
nonlinear response in the luminescence intensity to the excitation light intensity. As a result …

Avalanche phenomena use steeply nonlinear dynamics to generate disproportionately large
responses from small perturbations, and are found in a multitude of events and materials …

Biocatalytic reactions in living cells involve complex transformations in the spatially confined
microenvironments. Inspired by biological transformation processes, we demonstrate …

Tremendous progress in nanotechnology has enabled advances in the use of luminescent
nanomaterials in imaging, sensing and photonic devices. This translational process relies …