Background Every year, billions of migratory animals cross the planet in pursuit of increased
foraging opportunities, improved safety, and higher reproductive output. In so doing, these …

Animal migrations are often spectacular, and migratory species harbor zoonotic pathogens
of importance to humans. Animal migrations are expected to enhance the global spread of …

The Flexible Phenotype attempts a true synthesis of physiology, behaviour, and ecology by
develo** an empirical argument that describes the intimate connections between …

Reptiles are ectothermic amniotes, providing the key link between ectothermic anamniotic
fishes and amphibians, and endothermic amniotic birds and mammals. A greater …

Ecological immunology and disease ecology are two relatively young disciplines that apply
ecological approaches and principles to traditionally non‐ecological fields. In both cases, an …

The first comprehensive review of all aspects of the biology of moult, drawing information
from across the literature and in all birds, from penguins to passerines. Feathers are …

Over the past decade, there has been a substantial increase in interest in the immune
system and the role it plays in the regulation of disease susceptibility, giving rise to the field …

Nest microclimate can have strong effects that can carry over to later life-history stages. We
experimentally cooled the nests of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). Females incubating …

Biological rhythms, from circadian control of cellular processes to annual cycles in life
history, are a main structural element of biology. Biological rhythms are considered adaptive …

The field of ecoimmunology is currently undergoing rapid expansion, whereby biologists
from a wide range of ecological disciplines are increasingly interested in assessing …