Objective To determine the comparative effectiveness and safety of psychological
interventions for chronic low back pain. Design Systematic review with network meta …

Abstract The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and Pain Severity
subscale of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI-PS) are the most frequently used instruments to …

Background Low back pain (LBP) is a public health problem that requires accurate
assessment for proper management and predicting prognosis. Objective This study aims to …

Nonspecific chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common clinical condition that has impacts at
both the individual and societal level. Pain intensity is a primary outcome used in clinical …

Objectives: To conduct a systematic search and synthesis of evidence about the
measurement properties of the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Visual Analog …

Objective To assess the effectiveness of interventions for acute and subacute non-specific
low back pain (NS-LBP) based on pain and disability outcomes. Design A systematic review …

Background Low back pain has been the leading cause of disability globally for at least the
past three decades and results in enormous direct healthcare and lost productivity costs …

Low back pain (LBP) is the most common cause of chronic pain. Numerous clinical scales
are available for evaluating pain, but their objective criteria in the management of LBP …

Background: Understanding the clinical course of low back pain is essential to informing
treatment recommendations and patient stratification. Our aim was to update our previous …

Background Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a surgical intervention used to treat persistent
low back pain. SCS is thought to modulate pain by sending electrical signals via implanted …