The complexity of cardiac electrophysiology, involving dynamic changes in numerous
components across multiple spatial (from ion channel to organ) and temporal (from …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Although investment in
drug discovery and development has been sky-rocketing, the number of approved drugs has …

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) from arrhythmias is a leading cause of mortality. For patients at
high SCD risk, prophylactic insertion of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) reduces …

Ventricular tachycardia (VT), which can lead to sudden cardiac death, occurs frequently in
patients with myocardial infarction. Catheter-based radio-frequency ablation of cardiac …

Models of cardiac tissue electrophysiology are an important component of the Cardiac
Physiome Project, which is an international effort to build biophysically based multi-scale …

Recent developments in cardiac simulation have rendered the heart the most highly
integrated example of a virtual organ. We are on the brink of a revolution in cardiac …

A bidomain reaction-diffusion model of the human heart was developed, and potentials
resulting from normal depolarization and repolarization were compared with results from a …

Ventricular arrhythmias are among the most severe complications of heart disease and can
result in sudden cardiac death. Patients at risk currently receive implantable defibrillators …

In a normal human life span, the heart beats about 2–3 billion times. Under diseased
conditions, a heart may lose its normal rhythm and degenerate suddenly into much faster …

Recent advances in biotechnology and the availability of ever more powerful computers
have led to the formulation of increasingly complex models at all levels of biology. One of the …