The gut microbiota has been designated as a hidden metabolic 'organ'because of its
enormous impact on host metabolism, physiology, nutrition, and immune function. The …

Diet-induced metabolic endotoxemia is an important factor in the development of many
chronic diseases in animals and man. The gut epithelium is an efficient barrier that prevents …

Background Pathogen infections seriously affect host health, and the use of antibiotics
increases the risk of the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and also increases …

Background With increasing knowledge about the gut–bone axis, more studies for
treatments based on the regulation of postmenopausal osteoporosis by gut microbes are …

Gut microbiota has evolved along with their hosts and is an integral part of the human body.
Microbiota acquired at birth develops in parallel as the host develops and maintains its …

From asthma and heart disease to diabetes and obesity, the human microbiome plays a role
in the pathogenesis of each chronic health condition plaguing today's society. Recent work …

Numerous studies have indicated that the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to
end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is strictly associated with the accumulation of toxic …

The gut microbiome has a tremendous influence on human physiology, including the
nervous system. During fetal development, the initial colonization of the microbiome …

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease driven by T-cells against the
insulin-producing islet β-cells, resulting in a marked loss of β-cell mass and function …

Plastics are widely used in many fields due to their stable physical and chemical properties,
and their global production and usage increase significantly every year, which leads to the …