Surface roughness can significantly influence the fluid dynamics and heat transfer in
convective flows by inducing perturbations in the velocity profile which affect surface drag …

Wall-bounded turbulent flows at high Reynolds numbers have become an increasingly
active area of research in recent years. Many challenges remain in theory, scaling, physical …

Quadrant analysis is a simple, but quite useful, turbulence data-processing technique that
has been widely used, principally in the investigation of turbulent shear flows. This article …

Large-scale motions (LSMs; having wavelengths up to 2–3 pipe radii) and very-LSMs
(having wavelengths more than 3 pipe radii) have been shown to carry more than half of the …

Turbulence measurements for rough-wall boundary layers are presented and compared to
those for a smooth wall. The rough-wall experiments were made on a three-dimensional …

The structure of turbulent flow over large roughness consisting of regular arrays of cubical
obstacles is investigated numerically under constant pressure gradient conditions. Results …

Turbulence data from experiments conducted over a staggered cube array, modelling a
neutrally stable atmospheric boundary layer in an urban environment, are presented. The …

Typical engineering rough surfaces show only limited resemblance to the artificially
constructed rough surfaces that have been the basis of most previous fundamental research …

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a spatially develo** turbulent boundary layer (TBL)
over a wall roughened with regularly arrayed cubes was performed to investigate the effects …

The Reynolds-number dependence of turbulent channel flow over two irregular rough
surfaces, based on scans of a graphite and a grit-blasted surface, is studied by direct …