Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was initially recognized as a factor that causes the
necrosis of tumors, but it has been recently identified to have additional important functions …

Bioelectronics is a hot research topic, yet an important tool, as it facilitates the creation of
advanced medical devices that interact with biological systems to effectively diagnose …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are classified as chronic inflammatory
bowel diseases (IBD) which have similar symptoms and lead to digestive disorders and …

1.2. Definitions Ulcerative colitis [UC] is a chronic inflammatory condition that causes
continuous mucosal inflammation of the colon, usually without granulomas on biopsy. It …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory state of the gastrointestinal tract
and can be classified into 2 main clinical phenomena: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative …

The harmonic coexistence of microorganisms with the human body is the result of a long
coevolutionary process that has minimized competition for nutrients and immunological …

The gut microbiome has emerged as an important factor affecting human health and
disease. The recent development of–omics approaches, including phylogenetic marker …

Gut bacteria play a key role in initiating and maintaining the inflammatory process in the gut
tissues of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, by supplying antigens or other …

The cytokine interleukin‐31 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple atopic
disorders such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis, and airway hyper‐reactivity. In AD …

Importance Patients with psoriasis may experience comorbidities involving cardiovascular
diseases, chronic kidney disease, uveitis, psychiatric disturbances, and metabolic …