Our understanding of the ubiquitin code has greatly evolved from conventional E1, E2 and
E3 enzymes that modify Lys residues on specific substrates with a single type of ubiquitin …

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) is an emerging therapeutic modality with the potential to
tackle disease-causing proteins that have historically been highly challenging to target with …

Proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) and other targeted protein degradation (TPD)
molecules that induce degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) offer new …

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) strategies have revolutionized how scientists tackle
challenging protein targets deemed undruggable with traditional small molecule inhibitors …

E3 ubiquitin ligases are a large family of enzymes that join in a three-enzyme ubiquitination
cascade together with ubiquitin activating enzyme E1 and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 …

Summary Protein homeostasis, or" proteostasis," is indispensable for a balanced, healthy
environment within the cell. However, when natural proteostasis mechanisms are …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy is a first-line treatment for selected
cancers, yet the mechanisms of its efficacy remain incompletely understood. Furthermore …

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is the primary regulatory
module of various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and stress …

Abstract PROteolysis-TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) have emerged as an innovative drug
development platform. However, most PROTACs have been generated empirically because …

Ubiquitination is a reversible post-translational modification based on the chemical addition
of ubiquitin to proteins with regulatory effects on various signaling pathways. Ubiquitination …