Advancing the spontaneous bottom-up construction of artificial cells with high organizational
complexity and diverse functionality remains an unresolved issue at the interface between …

The purine adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) is not only a universal intracellular energy
carrier but plays also an important role as extracellular signaling molecule. Purinergic …

Extracellular nucleotides, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), are released from host
cells including nerve termini, immune cells, injured or dead cells, and the commensal …

Carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecules (CORMs) are used to deliver CO, a biological
'gasotransmitter', in biological chemistry and biomedicine. CORMs kill bacteria in culture and …

Biofilms offer a safe environment that favors bacterial survival; for this reason, most
pathogenic and environmental bacteria live integrated in biofilm communities. The …

Diazotrophic cyanobacteria can fix nitrogen gas (N2) but are usually scarce in nitrogen-
limited coastal waters, which poses an apparent ecological paradox. One hypothesis is that …

The role of airborne particles in spread of remains largely unexplored. It has been
speculated that the novel corona virus can survive for extended periods in aerosols and its …

Difficulties exist in obtaining full-length, correctly folded, and soluble papain or papain-like
proteases that necessitate the exploration of alternative strategies. This study describes the …

Intestinal epithelial cells play important roles in the absorption of nutrients, secretion of
electrolytes and food digestion. The function of these cells is strongly influenced by …

Alpha-hemolysin (HlyA) of uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli irreversibly binds to
human erythrocytes (RBCs) and triggers activation of ATP release and metabolic changes …