Cells release nanometer-scale, lipid bilayer-enclosed biomolecular packages (extracellular
vesicles; EVs) into their surrounding environment. EVs are hypothesized to be intercellular …

Abstract Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, recently exploded into
nanomedicine as an emerging drug delivery approach due to their superior biocompatibility …

Protein glycosylation is a ubiquitous post-translational modification found in all domains of
life. Despite their significant complexity in animal systems, glycan structures have crucial …

The lysosomal degradation pathway of autophagy has a crucial role in defence against
infection, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer and ageing. Accordingly, agents that induce …

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released upon fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs)
with the cellular plasma membrane. They originate as intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) during the …

The N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF) and the soluble NSF attachment
proteins (SNAPs) appear to be essential components of the intracellular membrane fusion …

Genetic and biochemical analyses of the secretory pathway have produced a detailed
picture of the molecular mechanisms involved in selective cargo transport between …

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for bread making and beer brewing for
thousands of years. In addition, its ease of manipulation, well-annotated genome, expansive …

New textbooks at all levels of chemistry appear with great regularity. Some fields like basic
biochemistry, organic reaction mechanisms, and chemical thermody namics are well …

Recent advances have uncovered the general protein apparatus used by all eukaryotes for
intracellular transport, including secretion and endocytosis, and for triggered exocytosis of …