Chronic pain exerts an enormous personal and economic burden, affecting more than 30%
of people worldwide according to some studies. Unlike acute pain, which carries survival …

Neuromodulation is an expanding area of pain medicine that incorporates an array of non-
invasive, minimally invasive, and surgical electrical therapies. In this Series paper, we focus …

purpose. Manufacturing. Distribution. Exportation and sale. The Controlled Substance Act
established five drug schedules and classified them to control their manufacture and …

Objective To conduct a systematic literature review of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for pain.
Design Grade the evidence for SCS. Methods An international, interdisciplinary work group …

Brain oscillations underlie the function of our brains, dictating how we both think and react to
the world around us. The synchronous activity of neurons generates these rhythms, which …

Objectives: Review general guideleines for safe prescribing practices. Describe behaviors
that suggest drug diversion or drug-seeking and appropriate responses. Outline expected …

Opioid use and abuse for acute and chronic pain are a significant problem in the United
States and Tennesee.[1][2][3] The rate of overdose-related to the use of illicit opioids has …

Since the inception of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in 1967, the technology has evolved
dramatically with important advancements in waveforms and frequencies. One such …

Cancer and cancer treatment-related chronic pain affect a significant number of patients.
The etiology of this pain is diverse and may include nociceptive and/or neuropathic …

In the United States (US), chronic pain poses substantial challenges in rural areas where
access to effective pain management can be limited. Our literature review examines chronic …