Post-acute sequelae of COVID (PASC), usually referred to as 'Long COVID'(a phenotype of
COVID-19), is a relatively frequent consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in which …

Ergothioneine (ERG) is an unusual thio-histidine betaine amino acid that has potent
antioxidant activities. It is synthesised by a variety of microbes, especially fungi (including in …

Lactoferrin is a nutrient classically found in mammalian milk. It binds iron and is transferred
via a variety of receptors into and between cells, serum, bile, and cerebrospinal fluid. It has …

Abstract" Serum ferritin" presents a paradox, as the iron storage protein ferritin is not
synthesised in serum yet is to be found there. Serum ferritin is also a well known …

Many metabolomics, and other high-content or high-throughput, experiments are set up
such that the primary aim is the discovery of biomarker metabolites that can discriminate …

Blood in healthy organisms is seen as a 'sterile'environment: it lacks proliferating microbes.
Dormant or not-immediately-culturable forms are not absent, however, as intracellular …

Ischaemia–reperfusion (I–R) injury, initiated via bursts of reactive oxygen species produced
during the reoxygenation phase following hypoxia, is well known in a variety of acute …

The amino acid sequence of a protein affects both its structure and its function. Thus, the
ability to modify the sequence, and hence the structure and activity, of individual proteins in …

Background The production of peroxide and superoxide is an inevitable consequence of
aerobic metabolism, and while these particular'reactive oxygen species'(ROSs) can exhibit a …

Exposure to a variety of toxins and/or infectious agents leads to disease, degeneration and
death, often characterised by circumstances in which cells or tissues do not merely die and …