Ferroelectrics have a spontaneous electrical polarization that is arranged into domains and
can be reversed by an externally applied field. This high versatility makes them useful in …

Increasing environmental crises caused by exploring and using fossil fuels have compelled
human being to develop innovative technologies to utilize renewable and sustainable …

The rapid development of neuro-inspired computing demands synaptic devices with ultrafast
speed, low power consumption, and multiple non-volatile states, among other features …

Microstructural evolution is a key aspect of understanding and exploiting the processing-
structure-property relationship of materials. Modeling microstructure evolution usually relies …

Realization of higher-order multistates with mutual interstate switching in ferroelectric
materials is a perpetual drive for high-density storage devices and beyond-Moore …

Reducing the switching energy of ferroelectric thin films remains an important goal in the
pursuit of ultralow-power ferroelectric memory and logic devices. Here, we elucidate the …

Ferroelectric crystals feature asymmetric or polar structures that are switchable under an
external electric field, holding promise for information storage. Nanoscale ferroelectrics …

Ferroelectric memories have attracted great attention for data storage, and ferroelectric
polymers have been widely studied with the development of flexible and wearable devices …

The discovery of ferroelectricity in both pure and doped HfO 2-based thin films have
revitalized interest in using ferroelectrics for nanoscale device applications. To take …

The recent demand for analogue devices for neuromorphic applications requires modulation
of multiple nonvolatile states. Ferroelectricity with multiple polarization states enables …