Verkhratsky, Alexej, Richard K. Orkand, and Helmut Kettenmann. Glial Calcium:
Homeostasis and Signaling Function. Physiol. Rev. 78: 99–141, 1998.—Glial cells respond …

Functional and molecular analysis of glial voltage-and ligand-gated ion channels underwent
tremendous boost over the last 15 years. The traditional image of the glial cell as a passive …

The amino acid L-Glutamate acts as the most ubiquitous mediator of excitatory synaptic
transmission in the central nervous system. Glutamatergic transmission is central for diverse …

The hypothesis of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction in schizophrenia
was initially based on observations that blockade of the NMDA subtype of glutamate …

Glutamate (Glu) receptors convey most of the excitatory synaptic transmission in the
mammalian CNS. Distinct Glu-receptor genes and different subtypes of glutamate-activated …

It is established that astrocytes are the intimate partner of neurons throughout their lifespan.
However, astrocytes play different roles at different stages of the lifespan. During …

Serine racemase (SR), localized to astrocytic glia that ensheathe synapses, converts l-
serine to d-serine, an endogenous ligand of the NMDA receptor. We report the activation of …

Neuronal–glial networks are the substrate for the brain function. Evolution of the nervous
system resulted in the appearance of highly specialized neuronal web optimized for rapid …

We have developed “pure” neuronal cultures (< 1% astrocytes) from mouse neocortex to
study the effect of glial cells on the response of neurons to injury. Cortical neurons were …

Traditionally, astrocytes have been considered less susceptible to injury than neurons. Yet,
we have recently shown that astrocyte death precedes neuronal death in a rat model of …