[HTML][HTML] Treatment resistance in psychiatry: state of the art and new directions

OD Howes, ME Thase, T Pillinger - Molecular Psychiatry, 2022‏ - nature.com
Abstract Treatment resistance affects 20–60% of patients with psychiatric disorders; and is
associated with increased healthcare burden and costs up to ten-fold higher relative to …

[HTML][HTML] Factors influencing the blood-brain barrier permeability

Y Zhao, L Gan, L Ren, Y Lin, C Ma, X Lin - Brain research, 2022‏ - Elsevier
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic structure that protects the brain from harmful
blood-borne, endogenous and exogenous substances and maintains the homeostatic …

Autoimmune diseases and severe infections as risk factors for mood disorders: a nationwide study

ME Benros, BL Waltoft, M Nordentoft… - JAMA …, 2013‏ - jamanetwork.com
Importance Mood disorders frequently co-occur with medical diseases that involve
inflammatory pathophysiologic mechanisms. Immune responses can affect the brain and …

Quinolinic acid, the inescapable neurotoxin

GJ Guillemin - The FEBS journal, 2012‏ - Wiley Online Library
Over the last two decades, evidence for the involvement of quinolinic acid (QUIN) in
neuroinflammatory diseases has been exponentially increasing. Within the brain, QUIN is …

Severe depression is associated with increased microglial quinolinic acid in subregions of the anterior cingulate gyrus: evidence for an immune-modulated …

J Steiner, M Walter, T Gos, GJ Guillemin… - Journal of …, 2011‏ - Springer
Background Immune dysfunction, including monocytosis and increased blood levels of
interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor α has been observed during acute …

Kynurenic acid in neurodegenerative disorders—unique neuroprotection or double‐edged sword?

A Ostapiuk, EM Urbanska - CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2022‏ - Wiley Online Library
Aims The family of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites includes compounds produced
along two arms of the path and acting in clearly opposite ways. The equilibrium between …

IDO and kynurenine metabolites in peripheral and CNS disorders

YS Huang, J Ogbechi, FI Clanchy, RO Williams… - Frontiers in …, 2020‏ - frontiersin.org
The importance of the kynurenine pathway in normal immune system function has led to an
appreciation of its possible contribution to autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid …

Neuroinflammation and psychiatric illness

S Najjar, DM Pearlman, K Alper, A Najjar… - Journal of …, 2013‏ - Springer
Multiple lines of evidence support the pathogenic role of neuroinflammation in psychiatric
illness. While systemic autoimmune diseases are well-documented causes of …

Kynurenic acid in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

E Plitman, Y Iwata, F Caravaggio… - Schizophrenia …, 2017‏ - academic.oup.com
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate and α7
nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that is derived from astrocytes as part of the kynurenine …

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in depression: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Y Cheng, Y Wang, X Wang, Z Jiang, L Zhu… - Frontiers in …, 2022‏ - frontiersin.org
Background Research on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio
(PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in depression is still emerging and has …