Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known for their role in mediating both physiological
and pathophysiological signal transduction. Enzymes and subcellular compartments that …

Ageing is a major risk factor for the development of many diseases, prominently including
neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease. A hallmark …

Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leading to impaired
function and increased vulnerability to death. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for …

Ubiquitination, an important type of protein posttranslational modification (PTM), plays a
crucial role in controlling substrate degradation and subsequently mediates the “quantity” …

BACKGROUND Proteins are synthesized on ribosomes as linear chains of amino acids and
must fold into unique three-dimensional structures to fulfill their biological functions. Protein …

Tau protein is involved in various cellular processes, including having a canonical role in
binding and stabilization of microtubules in neurons. Tauopathies are neurodegenerative …

Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) refer to the breaking or generation of covalent
bonds on the backbones or amino acid side chains of proteins and expand the diversity of …

Most proteins must fold into defined three-dimensional structures to gain functional activity.
But in the cellular environment, newly synthesized proteins are at great risk of aberrant …

The deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs, also known as deubiquitylases or deubiquitinases)
maintain the dynamic state of the cellular ubiquitome by releasing conjugated ubiquitin from …

The ubiquitin proteasome pathway is responsible for most of the protein degradation in
mammalian cells. Rates of degradation by this pathway have generally been assumed to be …