Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is the most common serious adverse event attributed to the
procedure, resulting in annual estimated costs exceeding 150 million dollars in the United …

Abstract The Tokyo Guidelines 2013 (TG 13) include new topics in the biliary drainage
section. From these topics, we describe the indications and new techniques of biliary …

ESGE recommends offering stone extraction to all patients with common bile duct stones,
symptomatic or not, who are fit enough to tolerate the intervention. Strong recommendation …

Each year choledocholithiasis results in biliary obstruction, cholangitis, and pancreatitis in a
significant number of patients. The primary treatment, ERCP, is minimally invasive but …

Gallstones or cholelithiasis are a major public health problem in Europe and other
developed countries and affect up to 20% of the population. Gallstone disease is the most …

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with surgically altered
anatomy must be performed by a highly experienced endoscopist. The challenges are …

Biliary stones represent the most common indication for therapeutic endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography. Many cases are successfully managed with biliary …

Common bile duct stones are frequently diagnosed throughout the world. Endoscopic
sphincterotomy (EST) has been used for the removal of bile duct stones for the past 40 …

Background and Aims Bile duct stones> 1 cm have a decreased incidence of successful
endoscopic extraction and often require lithotripsy. Although previous guidelines suggested …

Background and Aims Perforation is a rare but serious adverse event of ERCP. There is no
consensus to guide the clinician on the management of ERCP-related perforations, with …