Abstract Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP), a QCD state of matter created in ultra-relativistic
heavy-ion collisions, has remarkable properties including, for example, a low shear viscosity …

We review key measurements performed by CMS in the context of its heavy ion physics
program, using event samples collected in 2010–2018 with several collision systems and …

We present an updated determination of nuclear parton distributions (nPDFs) from a global
NLO QCD analysis of hard processes in fixed-target lepton-nucleus and proton-nucleus …

We present a review of the conceptual basis, current knowledge, and recent progress
regarding global analysis of nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs). After introducing …

Prospects for quarkonium-production studies accessible during the upcoming high-
luminosity phases of the CERN Large Hadron Collider operation after 2021 are reviewed …

A clear understanding of nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) plays a crucial role in
the interpretation of collider data taken at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, the Large …

The centrality dependence of the mean charged-particle multiplicity as a function of
pseudorapidity is measured in approximately 1\upmu μ b^-1-1 of proton–lead collisions at a …

A bstract We present a model-independent determination of the nuclear parton distribution
functions (nPDFs) using machine learning methods and Monte Carlo techniques based on …

The ultrarelativistic heavy-ion programs at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large
Hadron Collider have entered an era of quantitative analysis of quantum chromodynamics …

The future opportunities for high-density QCD studies with ion and proton beams at the LHC
are presented. Four major scientific goals are identified: the characterisation of the …