River water quality is crucial to ecosystem health and water security, yet its deterioration
under climate change is often overlooked in climate risk assessments. Here we review how …

Drought-associated woody-plant mortality has been increasing in most regions with multi-
decadal records and is projected to increase in the future, impacting terrestrial climate …

Flash droughts have occurred frequently worldwide, with a rapid onset that challenges
drought monitoring and forecasting capabilities. However, there is no consensus on whether …

Recent observations of elevated tree mortality following climate extremes, like heat and
drought, raise concerns about climate change risks to global forest health. We currently lack …

Drought is one of the most difficult natural hazards to quantify and is divided into categories
(meteorological, agricultural, ecological and hydrological), which makes assessing recent …

Although elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) has substantial indirect effects on
vegetation carbon uptake via associated climate change, their dynamics remain unclear …

Despite the growing interest in predicting global and regional trends in vegetation
productivity in response to a changing climate, changes in water constraint on vegetation …

Our current 1.1 C warmer world is already affecting natural and human systems in Europe
(very high confidence1). Since AR5, there has been a substantial increase in detected or …

Climate extremes such as droughts and heatwaves have a large impact on terrestrial carbon
uptake by reducing gross primary production (GPP). While the evidence for increasing …

Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and severity of droughts. These
events, which can cause significant perturbations of terrestrial ecosystems and potentially …