Blockchains are a new approach to creating distributed networks that were first introduced in
2008. It allows the formation of peer-to-peer networks based on consensus, forming chains …

The fungal disease known as cucumber leaf spot (CLS) is capable of causing substantial
damage to cucumber crops, leading to a decrease in production and quality. Early detection …

The control, governance, and management of the web have become increasingly
centralised, resulting in security, privacy, and censorship concerns. Decentralised initiatives …

Under the current national network environment, anyone can participate in publishing. As an
important information resource, knowledge files reflect the workload of publishers. Moreover …

The fourth industrial revolution, often referred to as Industry 4.0, has revolutionized the
manufacturing sector by integrating emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) …

Federated learning (FL) has received considerable attention because it allows multiple
devices to train models locally without revealing sensitive data. Well-trained local models …

The management of large medical files poses a critical challenge in the health sector, with
conventional systems facing deficiencies in security, scalability, and efficiency. Blockchain …

Traditional centralized cloud storage has difficulties in realizing the secure storage and
sharing of speech and other multimedia data, as well as realizing fine-grained access …

Recently, there has been more interest in Decentralized Data-Sharing (DDS) because of the
introduction of Dataspace 4.0. DDS is becoming increasingly popular as a safe, open, and …

Due to intrinsic properties such as transparency, immutability, decentralization, and
cryptographic security, blockchain has emerged as a revolutionary technology. Despite its …