The general stress response (GSR) is a widespread strategy developed by bacteria to adapt
and respond to their changing environments. The GSR is induced by one or multiple …

Gene expression in bacteria relies on promoter recognition by the DNA-dependent RNA
polymerase and subsequent transcription initiation. Bacterial cells are able to tune their …

Gene expression is a complex process that is essential to living organisms. Gene
expression plays the important role of converting information that is encoded in a gene into a …

The metabolite 2-oxoglutarate (also known as α-ketoglutarate, 2-ketoglutaric acid, or
oxoglutaric acid) lies at the intersection between the carbon and nitrogen metabolic …

Gene expression occurs in two essential steps: transcription and translation. In bacteria, the
two processes are tightly coupled in time and space, and highly regulated. Tight regulation …

Nitrite as an important substrate for Anammox can be provided by partial denitrification (PD).
In this study, endogenous partial denitrification (EdPD) and exogenous partial denitrification …

Whole-cell biocatalysts have proven a tractable path toward sustainable production of bulk
and fine chemicals. Yet the screening of libraries of cellular designs to identify best …

The conventional view of transcription posits that mRNAs are generated from the coding
DNA strand and are delineated by gene boundaries; however, recent reports have mapped …

Transcription initiation is a highly regulated step of gene expression. Here, we discuss the
series of large conformational changes set in motion by initial specific binding of bacterial …

The complex life cycle of streptomycetes involves two distinct filamentous cell forms: the
growing (or vegetative) hyphae and the reproductive (or aerial) hyphae, which differentiate …