The dynamics of charged particles in electromagnetic fields is an essential component of
understanding the most extreme environments in our Universe. In electromagnetic fields of …

This paper presents a hybrid particle-in-cell (PIC) fluid approach to model the interaction of a
plasma plume with a spacecraft and/or any nearby object. Ions and neutrals are modeled …

A new computational framework for a coupled PIC-DSMC tool using multiple GPUs to model
the kinetic behavior of electrons in plasma plumes is presented in this work. The disparate …

Grid-based kinetic models are promising in that the numerical noise inherent in particle-
based methods is essentially eliminated. Here, we call such grid-based techniques a direct …

The expansion of a rarefied axisymmetric plume emitted by a plasma thruster is analyzed
and compared with a 3D Cartesian-type and a 2D cylindrical-type simulation code, both …

A kinetic description for electronic excitation of helium for principal quantum number n 4 has
been included into a particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation utilizing direct simulation Monte Carlo …

In particle-in-cell simulations, excessive or even unfeasible computational demands can be
caused by the growth of the number of particles in the course of prolific ionization or …

The non-uniform grids in the axisymmetric coordinate system pose a significant challenge
for electrostatic particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) simulations because they …

Simulations of large density gradients present a number of challenges for direct Monte Carlo
methods, since they lead to too few particles in dilute regions and prohibitively many in the …

Abstract In Particle-In-Cell simulation, macro-particles represent clusters of numerous
physical particles. Rational merging or splitting of these macro-particle clusters can …