Bone turnover markers (BTMs) are used widely, in both research and clinical practice. In the
last 20 years, much experience has been gained in measurement and interpretation of these …

Thyroid hormones are essential for normal skeletal development and normal bone
metabolism in adults but can have detrimental effects on bone structures in states of thyroid …

Mouse models with cell-specific deletion of the estrogen receptor (ER) α, the androgen
receptor (AR) or the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), as well as …

This review discusses advances in knowledge regarding the composition and structure of
bone, the modeling and remodeling of bone, the formation of bone during growth and its …

Abstract GH and IGF-I are important regulators of bone homeostasis and are central to the
achievement of normal longitudinal bone growth and bone mass. Although GH may act …

There is no one cause of bone fragility; genetic and environmental factors play a part in
development of smaller bones, fewer or thinner trabeculae, and thin cortices, all of which …

Many of the unresolved debates in palaeoanthropology regarding evolution of particular
locomotor or manipulative behaviours are founded in differing opinions about the functional …

Most discussions of bone remodeling focus on how it is influenced by hormones, cytokines,
growth factors, and other molecules, and pay no attention to why it occurs. All physiologic …

The adverse effects of aging of other organs (ovaries at menopause) on the skeleton are
well known, but ironically little is known of skeletal aging itself. Evidence indicates that age …

Techniques are not ends in themselves, they are only as good as the answers they provide.
The answers are only as good as the questions, and the questions are only as good as the …