Endothermic mammals and birds require intensive energy turnover to sustain high body
temperatures and metabolic rates. To cope with the energetic bottlenecks associated with …

Animals have evolved many season-specific behavioural and physiological adaptations that
allow them to both cope with and exploit the cyclic annual environment. Two classes of …

Vascular plants have a long-distance transport system consisting of two tissue types with
elongated cell files, phloem and xylem. Phloem has two basic cell types, enucleate sieve …

Reproduction of many temperate zone birds is under photoperiodic control. The Japanese
quail is an excellent model for studying the mechanism of photoperiodic time measurement …

Seasonal adaptations in physiology exhibited by many animals involve an interface
between biological timing and specific neuroendocrine systems, but the molecular basis of …

In seasonally breeding vertebrates, changes in day length induce categorically distinct
behavioral and reproductive phenotypes via thyroid hormone-dependent mechanisms …

Publisher Summary This chapter reveals that seasonal phenotypes in behavior and
physiology are legion; many reflect adaptations to matching environmental periodicities, and …

The senescence process is the last stage in leaf development and is characterized by
dramatic changes in cellular metabolism and the degeneration of cellular structures. Several …

Adaptation of reproductive activity to environmental changes is essential for breeding
success and offspring survival. In mammals, the reproductive system displays regular cycles …

The molecular mechanisms responsible for seasonal time measurement have yet to be fully
described. Recently, we used differential analysis to identify that the type 2 iodothyronine …