Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators have a wide range of key roles throughout the
nervous system. However, their dynamics in both health and disease have been challenging …

Fiber photometry is a key technique for characterizing brain-behavior relationships in vivo.
Initially, it was primarily used to report calcium dynamics as a proxy for neural activity via …

There is a demand for noninvasive methods to ameliorate disease. We investigated whether
40-Hz flickering light entrains gamma oscillations and suppresses amyloid-β in the brains of …

Dopamine (DA) plays multiple roles in a wide range of physiological and pathological
processes via a large network of dopaminergic projections. To dissect the spatiotemporal …

A fundamental challenge in fluorescence microscopy is the photon shot noise arising from
the inevitable stochasticity of photon detection. Noise increases measurement uncertainty …

The genetically encoded fluorescent sensors convert chemical and physical signals into
light. They are powerful tools for the visualisation of physiological processes in living cells …

Dopamine (DA) plays a critical role in the brain, and the ability to directly measure
dopaminergic activity is essential for understanding its physiological functions. We therefore …

External rewards such as food and money are potent modifiers of behaviour,. Pioneering
studies established that these salient sensory stimuli briefly interrupt the tonic discharge of …

Oxytocin (OT), a peptide hormone and neuromodulator, is involved in diverse physiological
and pathophysiological processes in the central nervous system and the periphery …

Acetylcholine plays an essential role in fundamental aspects of cognition. Studies that have
mapped the activity and functional connectivity of cholinergic neurons have shown that the …