▪ Abstract For over 300 years, the monsoon has been viewed as a gigantic land-sea breeze.
It is shown in this paper that satellite and conventional observations support an alternative …

The Tropical Ocean‐Global Atmosphere (TOGA) program sought to determine the
predictability of the coupled ocean‐atmosphere system. The World Climate Research …

A gridded daily rainfall dataset prepared from observations at 3700 stations is used to
analyze the intraseasonal and interannual variability of the summer monsoon rainfall over …

As the word``monsoon''(derived from an Arabic word meaning seasons) indicates, the South
Asian (SA) summer monsoon is part of an annually reversing wind system (Figure 2.1 (b …

The basic concept of land-sea temperature contrast and the strength of the Asian summer
monsoon is investigated here by comparing the relative contributions of external conditions …

Using a hybrid atmosphere–ocean coupled model, it is shown that during the boreal
summer northward-propagating, intraseasonal oscillations (NPISOs) are strongly coupled to …

The quasi‐biweekly mode (QBM) and the 30–60 day mode are two major intraseasonal
oscillations (ISOs) in the tropics. The QBM is known to have a major influence in determining …

The west coast of the Indian peninsula receives very heavy rainfall during the summer
Monsoon (June–September) season with average rainfall over some parts exceeding 250 …

The boreal summer intraseasonal variability (BSISV) associated with the 30–50-day mode is
represented by the coexistence of three components: poleward propagation of convection …

Abstract The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and the boreal summer intraseasonal
oscillation (BSISO) are fundamental modes of variability in the tropical atmosphere on the …