Epidemiological studies have clearly shown that whole-grain cereals can protect against
obesity, diabetes, CVD and cancers. The specific effects of food structure (increased satiety …

Antioxidant enzymes form the first line of defense against free radicals in organisms. Their
regulation depends mainly on the oxidant status of the cell, given that oxidants are their …

Vitamin E was originally considered a dietary factor of animal nutrition especially important
for normal reproduction. The significance of vitamin E has been subsequently proven as a …

Melatonin, or N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine, is a compound derived from tryptophan that is
found in all organisms from unicells to vertebrates. This indoleamine may act as a protective …

This chapter reviews the neural connections between the retinas and the pineal gland and
summarizes the role of the light: dark cycle and the biological clock, ie the suprachiasmatic …

Although two main hypotheses of mitochondrial origin have been proposed, ie, the
autogenous and the endosymbiotic, only the second is being seriously considered currently …

Simple Summary In poultry production, chickens are confronted with a wide range of
potential stressful conditions including restricted movement, long light phases or poor air …

Melatonin is a natural compound synthesized by a variety of organs. It has been shown to
function as a cell-protective agent. Since 1994, when the first paper was published …

Aging is associated with a decline in immune function (immunosenescence), a situation
known to correlate with increased incidence of cancer, infectious and degenerative …

The thymus gland is a central lymphoid organ in which bone marrow-derived T cell
precursors undergo differentiation, eventually leading to migration of positively selected …