Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common clinical degenerative disease of the
spine. A series of factors, such as inflammation, oxidative stress and mechanical stress …

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a highly conserved Serine/Threonine (Ser/Thr)
protein kinase, which belongs to phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) protein …

Flux through metabolic pathways is inherently sensitive to the levels of specific substrates
and products, but cellular metabolism is also managed by integrated control mechanisms …

The conserved serine/threonine kinase mTOR (the mammalian target of rapamycin), a
downstream effector of the PI3K/AKT pathway, forms two distinct multiprotein complexes …

Metformin is the first-line option for treating newly diagnosed diabetic patients and also
involved in other pharmacological actions, including antitumor effect, anti-aging effect …

Objectives The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) represents a novel neutrophil
effector function in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. However, the …

The current epidemic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has produced a
worldwide health care burden, approaching that imposed by transmittable infectious …

Metformin is a widely prescribed antidiabetic drug associated with a reduced risk of cancer.
Many studies show that metformin inhibits cancer cell viability through the inhibition of …

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of protein synthesis whose
activity is modulated by a variety of signals. Energy depletion and hypoxia result in mTOR …

The kinase mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) integrates diverse environmental
signals and translates these cues into appropriate cellular responses. mTOR forms the …