Human‐driven species annihilations loom as a major crisis. However the recovery of deer
and wolf populations in many parts of the northern hemisphere has resulted in conflicts and …

Reduced ecological specialization is an emerging, general pattern of ecological networks in
fragmented landscapes. In plant–herbivore interactions, reductions in dietary specialization …

Natural disturbances are critical ecosystem processes, with both ecological and
socioeconomic benefits and disadvantages. Large herbivores are natural disturbances that …

Forests in the United States continue to lose biodiversity and many fail to regenerate due to
high deer (family Cervidae) abundance. Declines in biodiversity and overall ecosystem …

After decades of high deer populations, North American forests have lost much of their
previous biodiversity. Any landscape‐level recovery requires substantial reductions in deer …

The ongoing transition within forest management towards more biodiversity-oriented
practices, such as close-to-nature forestry and retention forestry, may benefit forest fauna …

The abundance of both flower-visiting insects and flowering plants in semi-natural
grasslands in temperate zones has declined as a result of overbrowsing by deer. The …

Excessive herbivory can have transformative effects on forest understory vegetation,
converting diverse communities into depauperate ones, often with increased abundance of …

Silviculture can be a powerful tool for restoring and enhancing habitat for forest-dependent
wildlife. In eastern North America, regenerating timber harvests support abundant …

Indirect ecological effects are a common feature of ecological systems, arising when one
species affects interactions among two or more other species. We examined how browsing …