Few cell signals match the impact of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family in
metazoan biology. TGFβ cytokines regulate cell fate decisions during development, tissue …

Abstract TGF-β 1–3 are unique multi-functional growth factors that are only expressed in
mammals, and mainly secreted and stored as a latent complex in the extracellular matrix …

Conventional two-dimensional differentiation from pluripotency fails to recapitulate cell
interactions occurring during organogenesis. Three-dimensional organoids generate …

Cytokines of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family, including TGF-βs, bone
morphogenic proteins (BMPs), activins, and Nodal, play crucial roles in embryonic …

The TGFβ pathway has essential roles in embryonic development, organ homeostasis,
tissue repair and disease,. These diverse effects are mediated through the intracellular …

Embryos allocate cells to the three germ layers in a spatially ordered sequence. Human
embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can generate the three germ layers in culture; however …

Abstract We developed Lisa (http://lisa. cistrome. org/) to predict the transcriptional
regulators (TRs) of differentially expressed or co-expressed gene sets. Based on the input …

WNT signalling has multiple roles. It maintains pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, assigns
posterior identity in the epiblast and induces mesodermal tissue. Here we provide evidence …

Summary Nanog, Oct4, and Sox2 are the core regulators of mouse (m) ESC pluripotency.
Although their basic importance in human (h) ESCs has been demonstrated, the …

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) differentiation typically yields heterogeneous
populations. Knowledge of signals controlling embryonic lineage bifurcations could …