Background The HIV pandemic affects 36· 9 million people worldwide, of whom 1· 5 million
are pregnant women. 91% of HIV-positive pregnant women reside in sub-Saharan Africa, a …

Background To assess the association between maternal human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) infection and low birth weight (LBW)/prematurity (PTD), we conducted a meta-analysis …

Aim: In the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland, avoidance of breastfeeding and alternative
combinations of antiretroviral therapy regimen and mode of delivery are recommended …

Background The most effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to prevent
mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in pregnancy …

Background. It is unknown whether adverse birth outcomes are associated with maternal
highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in pregnancy, particularly in resource-limited …

Importance Maternal antiretroviral treatment (ART) started before conception may increase
the risk for adverse birth outcomes among women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) …

Introduction Interventions directed toward mothers before and during pregnancy and
childbirth may help reduce preterm births and stillbirths. Survival of preterm newborns may …

Summary Background The World Health Organization recommends protease inhibitor (PI)-
based antiretroviral therapy (ART) as second-line and third-line regimens in pregnant …

Background Studies of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use during pregnancy in HIV-infected
women have suggested that ART exposure may be associated with adverse birth outcomes …

Abstract (See the Editorial Commentary by Thorne and Townsend, on pages 1361–3.)
Background. The association between combination antiretroviral (cARV) therapy use by …