Lipids and their constituent fatty acids are, along with proteins, the major organic
constituents of fish, and they play major roles as sources of metabolic energy for growth …

This paper reviews the roles of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) as a small fish
model in the field of aquatic toxicology. The species has been (and is) extensively used both …

Due to the time and expense associated with full life‐cycle testing, most current toxicity tests
with fish do not explicitly consider reproductive output as an endpoint but, rather, focus on …

Trenbolone acetate is a synthetic steroid that is extensively used in the United States as a
growth promoter in beef cattle. The acetate is administered to livestock via slow‐release …

Abstract Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), particularly those that affect the
hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis of vertebrates, have become a focus of …

Abstract Cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19) is a key enzyme in vertebrate
steroidogenesis, catalyzing the conversion of C19 androgens to C18 estrogens such as β …

Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) is a widespread environmental contaminant emanating
from the production and/or metabolism of fluorinated chemicals with a variety of applications …

A challenge in the field of ecotoxicology is the linkage of alterations at molecular and
biochemical levels of organization to adverse outcomes in individuals and populations. In …

The expression levels of three estrogen receptor (ER) isotypes alpha, beta, and gamma
were quantified in female largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)(LMB) liver, ovary, brain …

The fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) has been proposed as a model species for
assessing the adverse effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on reproduction …