As one of the major types of biomacromolecules in the cell, glycans play essential functional
roles in various biological processes. Compared with proteins and nucleic acids, the …

The central dogma of modern biology underscores the pivotal roles proteins play in diverse
biological processes, the study of which necessitates advanced methods to produce …

We describe the development and optimization of a methodology to prepare peptides and
proteins modified on the arginine residue with an adenosine-di-phosphate-ribosyl (ADPr) …

Pathogenic bacteria encode virulent glycosyltransferases that conjugate various glycans
onto substrate proteins via the N-or O-linkage. The HMW system in nontypeable …

Within host cells such as macrophages, Salmonella enterica translocates virulence (effector)
proteins across its vacuolar membrane via the SPI-2 type III secretion system. Previously, it …

Salmonella injects over 40 virulence factors, termed effectors, into host cells to subvert
diverse host cellular processes. Of these 40 Salmonella effectors, at least 25 have been …

The bacterial effector proteins SseK and NleB glycosylate host proteins on arginine
residues, leading to reduced NF-κB-dependent responses to infection. Salmonella SseK1 …

In spite of effective antiosteoporosis potency, teriparatide, a bone-building agent approved
by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), was proven to exhibit various side effects. In our …

Enteropathogenic E. coli NleB and related type III effectors catalyze arginine GlcNAcylation
of death domain (DD) proteins to block host defense, but the underlying mechanism is …

The inhibition of host innate immunity pathways is essential for the persistence of attaching
and effacing pathogens such as enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Citrobacter …