Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease of humans, highly prevalent in parts of the tropics,
subtropics, and southern Europe. The disease mainly occurs in three different clinical forms …

Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a cytokine with strikingly diverse influences on the immune
response. Although it was initially linked with the development of Th1 responses, it is now …

Abstract Interleukin (IL)-10 is an essential anti-inflammatory cytokine and functions as a
negative regulator of immune responses to microbial antigens. IL-10 is particularly important …

Human beings are exposed to a variety of different pathogens, which induce tailored
immune responses and consequently generate highly diverse populations of pathogen …

Unicellular eukaryotes of the genus Leishmania are collectively responsible for a
heterogeneous group of diseases known as leishmaniasis. The visceral form of …

Feedback regulatory circuits provided by regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and suppressive
cytokines are an intrinsic part of the immune system, along with effector functions. Here we …

It has been more than 15 years since the identification of individual interleukin-27 (IL-27)
and IL-27 receptor components. The last decade has seen the description of the signaling …

IL-10 produced by CD4+ T cells suppresses inflammation by inhibiting T cell functions and
the upstream activities of antigen presenting cells (APCs). IL-10 was first identified in Th2 …

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), commonly known as kala-azar, is caused by Leishmania
donovani and Leishmania infantum (Leishmania chagasi in the Americas). These …

Infection with the malaria parasite, Plasmodium, is characterized by excessive inflammation.
The establishment of a precise balance between the pro-and anti-inflammatory responses is …