The last decade has witnessed an increase in Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) research.
Myriads of application scenarios have been proposed and toolkits, as well as procedures …

Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) has unique capabilities that can manipulate users'
actions or perceptions, such as actuating user movement while walking, changing the …

Physical activity is entering the virtual realm. Zwift is an at-home cycling system that is
enjoying increasing popularity, yet the specifics of the experience of a virtual cyclist have not …

Electromyography (EMG) enables hands-free interactions by detecting muscle activity at
different human body locations. Previous studies have demonstrated that input performance …

Participation in organized sport has many physical, mental, and social benefits, but there are
a variety of obstacles in joining and continued participation including access to adequate …

Wearable sensors have become integral tools for monitoring biomechanical and physiologic
aspects of athletic training and performance. A prominent trend in fitness technology …

In this paper, we explore the effects of multimodal haptic feedback combining vibrotactile
and electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) on expressing virtual collisions. We first present a …

Abstract Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) induces muscle movement through external
currents, offering a novel approach to motor learning. Researchers investigated using EMS …