Agriculture plays an imperative role in many countries' economies and is a substantive
source of survival. The variation in a soil nutrient decreases crop yield. An accurate soil …

Due to current global population growth, resource shortages, and climate change, traditional
agricultural models face major challenges. Precision agriculture (PA), as a way to realize the …

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element in both plants and the human body; however,
traditional methods for monitoring Mn in soil are costly and inefficient. As such, it is …

Sustainable agriculture is essential to meet the demands of the global population. An
adequate application of fertilizers is essential for sustainable agricultural productivity. This …

Map** the spatial distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) content is crucial for land
management decisions, yet its accurate map** faces challenges due to complex soil …

Excessive total nitrogen (TN) content in topsoil is a major cause of eutrophication when
nitrogen flows into water systems from soil losses. Therefore, TN content prediction is …

Soil organic matter (SOM) is a key metric for assessing soil quality and crop yield potential. It
plays a vital role in maintaining the ecological balance environment and promoting …

Forests are crucial to the global carbon cycle, making accurate measurement of biomass
essential for evaluating their carbon capture potential. This study presents a novel approach …

Regenerative agriculture (RA) aims to improve soil health, water retention capacity, and
resilience through sustainable regeneration and retention of soil organic carbon (SOC) and …

Spatial autocorrelation, the relationship between nearby samples of a spatial random
variable, is often overlooked in machine learning models, leading to biased results. This …