The cell microenvironment has emerged as a key determinant of cell behavior and function
in development, physiology, and pathophysiology. The extracellular matrix (ECM) within the …

Recently, increasing research attention has been devoted to protic ionic liquids (ILs)
because of their versatile properties. Protic ILs are ideal electrolytes for proton exchange …

The fuel cell industry is the most promising industry in terms of the advancement of clean
and safe technologies for sustainable energy generation. The polymer electrolyte …

Polymer electrolyte membranes, also known as proton exchange membranes (PEMs), are a
type of semipermeable membrane that exhibits the property of conducting ions while …

Polymer‐based materials with tunable nanoscale structures and associated
microenvironments hold great promise as next‐generation ion‐exchange membranes …

Proton-conducting mixed matrix membranes (PC-MMMs) have received considerable
interest as promising materials that combine the properties of, and create synergism from …

A proton exchange membrane (PEM) is a crucial component in a fuel cell application as a
proton carrier and separator for the anode and cathode. Sulfonated poly (ether ketone …

The critical component of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system is the
proton exchange membrane (PEM). Perfluorosulfonic acid membranes such as Nafion are …

Nowadays, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and direct methanol fuel
cells (DMFCs) are devices known for using proton conducting membranes. From a …

To realize high performance anion exchange membranes (AEMs) for alkaline fuel cells
(AFCs), a series of quaternized poly (ether sulfone) s (PESs) with different lengths of flexible …