Abstract The phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation of dilute gases in traps is
reviewed from a theoretical perspective. Mean-field theory provides a framework to …

We review the theory of vortices in trapped dilute Bose-Einstein condensates and compare
theoretical predictions with existing experiments. Mean-field theory based on the time …

Quantized vortices play a key role in superfluidity and superconductivity. We have observed
the formation of highly ordered vortex lattices in a rotating Bose-condensed gas. These …

Graduate Texts in Physics publishes core learning/teaching material for graduateand
advanced-level undergraduate courses on topics of current and emerging fields within …

The discovery of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in trapped ultracold atomic gases in
1995 has led to an explosion of theoretical and experimental research on the properties of …

One of the most profound revolutions brought about by quantum mechanics is that it does
away with the distinction between waves and particles: atoms, in particular, can exhibit all …

Owing to thermal fluctuations, two-dimensional (2D) systems cannot undergo a conventional
phase transition associated with the breaking of a continuous symmetry. Nevertheless they …

We studied the nucleation of vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate stirred by a laser beam.
The vortex cores were observed using time-of-flight absorption imaging. Depending on the …

We study the dynamics of vortex lattice formation of a rotating trapped Bose-Einstein
condensate by numerically solving the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation, and find …

We study the quadrupole oscillation of a Bose-Einstein condensate of 87 Rb atoms confined
in an axisymmetric magnetic trap, after it has been stirred by an auxiliary laser beam. The …