The continuous increase of the world's population, together with the substantial
development of industry has brought about imperious demand for larger energy …

Semiconducting quantum dots, whose particle sizes are in the nanometer range, have very
unusual properties. The quantum dots have band gaps that depend in a complicated fashion …

Semiconductors show dramatic quantization effects when charge carriers (electrons and
holes) are confined by potential barriers to small regions of space where the dimensions of …

The utilization of solar irradiation to supply energy or to initiate chemical reactions is already
an established idea. If a wide-band gap semiconductor like titanium dioxide (TiO2) is …

Between 2004 and 2030 the annual global consumption of energy is estimated to rise by
more than 50%. 1 Assuming current policies and practices remain in place, most of the …

Quantum dot (QD) solar cells have the potential to increase the maximum attainable
thermodynamic conversion efficiency of solar photon conversion up to about 66% by …

Conjugated polymers are attractive semiconductors for photovoltaic cells because they are
strong absorbers and can be deposited on flexible substrates at low cost. Cells made with a …

This review surveys the work developed in the field of functional hybrid materials, especially
those containing conducting organic polymers (COPs), in combination with a variety of …

▪ Abstract Photoexcitation of a semiconductor with photons above the semiconductor band
gap creates electrons and holes that are out of equilibrium. The rates at which the …

A significant fraction of the cost of solar panels comes from the photoactive materials and
sophisticated, energy-intensive processing technologies. Recently, it has been shown that …