An overview of the critical influential parameters on the performance of limestone calcined clay cement paste, mortar, and concrete

H Al Kindi, HA Abdel-Gawwad, MS Meddah… - … and Building Materials, 2024 - Elsevier
Limited in-depth literature reviews have been conducted on the history, synthesis, hydration
kinetics, and carbon footprint of limestone calcined clay cement (LC 3). This review paper …

A novel approach for revealing the strength evolution mechanism of limestone-calcined clay cement with self-ignition coal gangue and shell powder

Z Li, X Gu, B Liu, J Liu, Y Zhang, B Yang… - … and Building Materials, 2024 - Elsevier
Abstract Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC 3) plays a pivotal role in the transition of
cement industry toward lower carbon emissions. However, the reliance on limited, non …

Exploring low-grade clay minerals diving into limestone calcined clay cement (LC3): Characterization− Hydration− Performance

N Blouch, K Rashid, M Ju - Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023 - Elsevier
The physicochemical properties of calcined kaolinite clay have an impact on the hydration
kinetics of limestone calcined clay cements (LC 3). Therefore, this study compares the …

Lightweight aerated concrete based on activated powders of coal gangue and fly ash

A Moussadik, H El Fadili, M Saadi, A Diouri - Construction and Building …, 2024 - Elsevier
Coal gangue (CG) and fly ash (FA) buildup and storage pose significant environmental and
human health issues. Thus, enhancing their use in several applications has gained …

Performance assessment of LC3 concrete structures considering life-cycle cost and environmental impacts

X Huang, Z Jiao, F ** green materials for infrastructure construction is of vital importance for
sustainable development. Limestone calcined clay cement (LC 3) is an appropriate …

Potential of desulfurized gypsum as a sulfate alternative in preparing solid waste-based limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) and its effects on early properties

P Yi, H Du, C Chai, Y Li, Y Hu, X Sun, W Liu… - Journal of Building …, 2024 - Elsevier
Desulfurized gypsum (DG) presents significant challenges in recycling with the rapid
development of industrialization. To explore the feasibility of DG as a sulfate source in …

Spontaneous combustion coal gangue-based composite cement: Compressive performance and environmental benefits under grinding kinetics control

X Gu, Z Li, B Yang, Z Hu, Z Hu, J Liu, Y Zhang… - Journal of Building …, 2024 - Elsevier
This study aims to tackle the environmental pressure of spontaneous combustion coal
gangue by using its active silica-alumina content to create eco-friendly composite cement …

Feasibility study and optimization of limestone calcined clay composites for compressive strength using multi-layered explainable artificial intelligence models

T Mohammad, SM Ibrahim, SS Ansari… - Materials Today …, 2024 - Elsevier
Interpretable white box machine learning models to predict the compressive strength of
Limestone Calcined Clay (LC 3) cementitious composite have been developed and …

Hourly three-minute creep testing of an LC3 paste at early ages: Advanced test evaluation and the effects of the pozzolanic reaction on shrinkage, elastic stiffness, and …

SJ Schmid, L Zelaya-Lainez, O Lahayne… - Cement and Concrete …, 2025 - Elsevier
In this study, hourly three-minute creep testing is used to elucidate the evolution of the
viscoelastic behavior of cement pastes produced with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) …

Optimizing the utilization of bauxite tailings in low-carbon cement

Z Li, X Gu, B Yang, Z Hu, ML Nehdi, L Zhang - Construction and Building …, 2025 - Elsevier
The disposal of bauxite tailings (BT) remains a significant challenge for the global aluminum
industry. However, its application in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC 3) systems shows …