Coastal environments, in particular heavily populated semi-enclosed marginal seas and
coasts like the Baltic Sea region, are strongly affected by human activities. A multitude of …

About 50 000 tons of chemical weapons (CW) were dumped to the Baltic Sea after the
Second World War. Munitions are located in the deep areas of the Baltic Sea, and there they …

Several hundred thousand tons of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) were disposed of at sea,
leading to environmental contamination. Among the most toxic and persistent CWAs is …

Sea dum** of chemical warfare (CW) took place worldwide during the 20th century.
Submerged CW included metal bombs and casings that have been exposed for 50–100 …

Sulphur mustard (HD) was the most widely produced chemical warfare agent (CWA) in the
history of chemical warfare (CW). Simultaneously, the loads of HD account as by far the …

Large quantities of toxic chemical warfare material, such as mixtures of sulphur mustard
(HD) and arsenic-containing chemical warfare agents (As-CWAs) have been submerged in …

In this study, SPE method using a carbon aerogel (CA)-based sorbent was developed and
evaluated for the simultaneous extraction of sulfur mustard (HD) degradation products from …

In this paper, a direct immersion solid‐phase microextraction procedure for the simultaneous
analyses of four primary riot control agents: 2‐chloroacetophenone, o‐chlorobenzylidene …

Recently, abandoned chemical weapons (CWs) containing toxic chemical warfare agents
(CWAs) manufactured during the World Wars (WWs) have raised concern not only for …

This study represents the first attempt to assess genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects in
herring (Clupea harengus membras), flounder (Platichthys flesus), and cod (Gadus morhua …